EFFECTS OF INTERMITTENT FASTING ON TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, with a rapidly increasing prevalence worldwide. Obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and unhealthy dietary habits are among the प्रमुख modifiable risk factors contributing to the development of T2DM. Current treatment approaches include lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapies, and, in some cases, insulin administration. However, interest in alternative and complementary nutritional strategies has been increasing.

In this context, intermittent fasting (IF) has emerged as a dietary approach attracting attention due to its potential beneficial effects on metabolic health. Intermittent fasting involves alternating periods of fasting and feeding within specific time frames and may promote ketogenic metabolism, thereby increasing fat oxidation. Studies indicate that IF can improve insulin sensitivity, reduce plasma insulin levels, enhance glycemic control, and contribute to reductions in body weight and visceral fat. Additionally, positive effects on lipid profile, inflammatory markers, and cardiovascular risk factors have been reported.

In individuals with T2DM, intermittent fasting has been associated with reductions in HbA1c levels, decreased medication requirements, and improvements in metabolic parameters. However, these effects may vary depending on individual metabolic characteristics, the fasting protocol applied, and the duration of the intervention.

In conclusion, intermittent fasting may be considered a promising lifestyle intervention in the management of type 2 diabetes. Nevertheless, further large-scale randomized controlled studies are required to clarify its long-term efficacy and safety. Intermittent fasting should be implemented under medical supervision and tailored to individual needs.

Keywords: Tip 2 diyabet mellitus, aralıklı oruç, insülin direnci, glisemik kontrol, obezite